引用本文: 吴克祥，姚娆. 高尔夫球员球场上交往理性与自律意向: 基于计划行为理论拓展模型分析. 欢乐牛牛, 2020, 37(0): 1-11 doi: shu

Citation: WU K X, YAO R. Golfer’s communicative rationality and self-discipline intention on the golf course: Analysis based on an expanded model of the theory of planned behavior. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(0): 1-11 doi: shu

高尔夫球员球场上交往理性与自律意向: 基于计划行为理论拓展模型分析

吴克祥 ^, ,
姚娆

.
亚博滚球 jinandaxueshenzhenlvyouxueyuan，guangdong shenzhen 518053

通讯作者: 吴克祥,

基金项目: 广东高水平大学建设基金(88018052)

摘要: 基于计划行为理论(theory of planned behavior, TPB)拓展模型，探讨高尔夫球员球场行为自律的影响因素，为其行为自律的引导提供参考。采用实地调研和问卷星线上发放问卷两种方式，取得了358份样本，利用结构方程模型对样本数据进行了分析。结果显示，高尔夫球员的主观规范、知觉行为控制与自律意向呈正相关关系，并验证了交往理性对高尔夫球员的自律意向有显著影响，高尔夫球会监督情景在影响高尔夫球员自律意向方面起着关键调节作用。研究结果表明，高尔夫球员对高尔夫规则、礼仪的认可和高尔夫文化理解是建立规范信念、形成自我约束力的基础，高尔夫球员的球技水平和参与赛事的机会是激发自律行为的内在动力，增强自律意向和观念的保证；球员之间在球场理性交往，言行的合理性是形成行为自律的内在动力；球会管理制度是自律倾向较弱的球员促进行为自律的重要手段。本研究从球员和球会两个方面提出了相关建议，以促进球员在球场上理性、自律，共同营造高尔夫球场公平的竞赛氛围和环境。

关键词:

English

Golfer’s communicative rationality and self-discipline intention on the golf course: Analysis based on an expanded model of the theory of planned behavior

Kexiang WU ^, ,
Rao YAO

shenzhen toursim college, jinan university, shenzhen, 518053, china

Corresponding author: Kexiang WU,

Received Date: 2019-05-08
Available Online: 2019-11-01

Abstract: Based on the extended model of the theory of planned behavior, this study explores the factors influencing golfers' on-course self-discipline behavior and provides a reference for their self-discipline guidance. A total of 358 participants were included through a field survey and online questionnaire. The sample data were analyzed using the structural equation model. The validation results showed that golfers' subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and self-discipline intention were positively correlated. The results also verified that communicative rationality had a significant effect on golfers' self-discipline intention, and the golf club supervision scenario played a key regulatory role in influencing the golfers' self-discipline intention. This study concludes that the golfers' recognition of golf rules and etiquette and their understanding of golf culture are the basis for establishing normative beliefs and forming self-disciplinary behavior. Golfers' skill levels and opportunities to participate in tournaments serve as the intrinsic motivation that inspires self-discipline and the guarantee of enhancing the concept of and willingness to engage in self-discipline. The rationality of words and deeds is the inner motivation of self-discipline. The club management system is an important means for players with weak self-discipline to promote their self-discipline. This paper presents suggestions from players and clubs to promote the rationality and self-discipline of players on a golf course and jointly create an atmosphere of fair competition on golf courses.

Key words:

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亚博滚球

图 1 本研究理论模型

Figure 1. The theoretical model for this paper

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图 2 本文理论模型检验

Figure 2. 亚博滚球 Results of the tests of the theoretical model

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表 1 问卷题项来源表

Table 1. The Source of the Items in the Questionnaire

潜变量 Hypothetical variables	观测变量(题项) Observational variables(Items)
行为态度 AB	AB₁: 球场上我会坚持“快走慢打” AB₁: I will stick to "go fast and play slow" on the course
	AB₃: 我们会让打得快的组优先通过 AB₃: We will let the group that plays faster pass first
	AB₂: 每次击球铲起草坪后我会主动修补打痕 AB₂: I will take the initiative to repair the scratches every time I hit the ball to shovel the lawn
	AB₄: 球场竞赛中我不会给同组球员助言 AB₄: I will not send a message to players in the same group during the competition
主观规范 SN	SN₇: 高尔夫赛事规则和要求对我有影响 SN₇: The rules and requirements of the golf tournament affect me
	SN₆: 球童提醒我遵守球场规则和场地要求会影响我 SN₆: The caddie reminds me that following the rules and field requirements will affect me
	SN₅: 同组球员要求竞技过程中严格执行高尔夫规则 SN₅: Players in the same group require strict implementation of golf rules during the competition
知觉行为控制 PBC	PBC₁₀: 我的打球经历越多，对高尔夫规则越了解 PBC₁₀: The more I play, the better I understand the rules of golf
	PBC₉: 我在场地上会习惯地按规则处理问题 PBC₉: I will deal with the problem according to the rules of the course
	PBC₈: 球场上球友的反复提醒我的行为越来越规范 PBC₈: The players on the course repeatedly reminded me, and my behavior is becoming increasingly standardized
	PBC₁₂: 球技水平的提高减少了我在球场上不规范行为 PBC₁₂: The improvement of my skills has reduced my irregular behavior on the course
	PBC₁₁: 参与赛事越多我越能感知到行为规范的重要性 PBC₁₁: The more I participate in the competition, the more I can perceive the importance of the code of conduct
自律意向 SI	SI₃: 我会本着为他人着想，管控自己言行 SI₃: I will control my words and deeds for the sake of others
	SI₁: 我会公平竞赛，真实记录成绩，做到诚实可信 SI₁: I will play fair, record the results truly, and be honest and credible
	SI₄: 我会管理好时间，凡事要预订时间并提前到达 SI₄: I will manage my time well; I need to book a time in advance and arrive early
	SI₂: 我会在事前理性思考，按规则要求处理问题 SI₂: I will think rationally beforehand and deal with any problems according to the rules
交往理性 CR	CR₇: 我在球场交往中会理解球场文化，融入其中 CR₇: I am able to understand the culture of the pitch through my interactions and blend in
	CR₈: 我在交往中会根据对方语境了解真实表达意图 CR₈: I will understand the true expression of intention according to the other party's context while communicating
	CR₆: 我在交往中必要时会自觉解释清楚我的言行 CR₆: I will consciously explain my words and deeds when necessary
	CR₅: 我在交往中会与同伴达成行为共识 CR₅: I will reach a consensus of behavior with my peers
外部情景 ES	ES₁: 球会严格制度规定对我的行为有影响 ES₁: The strict rules of the club will affect my behavior
	ES₂: 巡场公正处理球场上的违规行为对我有影响 ES₂: The fairness of patrols dealing with on-course violations affects me
	ES₃: 球场详细的当地规则会减少我的不合规行为 ES₃: Detailed local rules of the stadium will reduce my non-compliance behavior
该表观测变量的排序按照探索因子分析结果进行排序，旋转后的因子载荷数值高者在先。　Observations in this table are ranked according to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, with the rotated factor loadings with the highest values listed first. AB: attitude toward the behavior; SN: subject norm; PBC: perceived behavioral control; SI: self-discipline intention; CR: communicative rationality; ES: external settings; this is applicable for the following figures and tables as well.

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表 2 亚博滚球验证性因子分析结果及组合信效度

Table 2. Confirmatory factor analysis and construct reliability

因子 Factor		估计值标准误差 S.E.	临界比 C.R.	显著性 P	标准化因素负荷 Estimate	多元平方相关 SMC	组合信度 CR	收敛信度 AVE
行为态度 AB	AB₁				0.832	0.692	0.892	0.673
	AB2	0.054	17.364	***	0.810	0.656
	AB₃	0.057	18.211	***	0.840	0.705
	AB₄	0.051	17.049	***	0.799	0.638
主观规范 SN	SN₅				0.755	0.570	0.822	0.606
	SN₆	0.073	13.812	***	0.802	0.643
	SN₇	0.075	13.528	***	0.778	0.605
知觉行为控制 PBC	PBC₈				0.720	0.519	0.856	0.542
	PBC₉	0.069	13.517	***	0.765	0.584
	PBC₁₀	0.083	13.55	***	0.766	0.587
	PBC₁₁	0.072	12.628	***	0.713	0.508
	PBC₁₂	0.081	12.700	***	0.717	0.514
自律意向 SI	SI₁				0.844	0.713	0.875	0.638
	SI₂	0.068	14.812	***	0.705	0.497
	SI₃	0.05	19.218	***	0.847	0.717
	SI₄	0.052	17.365	***	0.790	0.624
交往理性 CR	CR₅				0.791	0.504	0.848	0.582
	CR₆	0.068	15.572	***	0.798	0.562
	CR₇	0.064	14.518	***	0.750	0.636
	CR₈	0.066	13.638	***	0.710	0.626
S.E., standard error of the estimate; C.R., critical radio; SMC, squared multiple correlations; CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted.

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表 3 相关性分析

Table 3. Correlation analysis

因子 Factor	均值 ± 标准偏差 M ± SD	行为态度 AB	主观规范 SN	知觉行为控制 PBC	自律意向 SI	交往理性 CR	外部情景 ES
行为态度 AB	4.00 ± 1.03	1
主观规范 SN	3.92 ± 0.94	0.053	1
行为知觉控制 PBC	4.10 ± 0.74	0.367^**	0.559^**	1
自律意向 SI	4.40 ± 0.68	0.407^**	0.386^**	0.610^**	1
交往理性 CR	4.31 ± 0.70	0.407^**	0.285^**	0.516^**	0.717^**	1
外部情景 ES	4.30 ± 0.74	0.396^**	0.247^**	0.442^**	0.642^**	0.723^**	1
M: mean; SD: standard deviation. P < 0.05；* P < 0.01；*** P < 0.001.

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表 4 模型整体适配度拟合结果

Table 4. Model fit summary

卡方差异值 CMIN	自由度 DF	卡方/自由度 CMIN/DF	绝对适配度指标			增值适配度指标
卡方差异值 CMIN	自由度 DF	卡方/自由度 CMIN/DF	GFI	AGFI	RMSEA	CFI	TLI
476.556	160	2.978	0.873	0.834	0.074	0.923	0.909

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表 5 模型路径及估计参数结果

Table 5. Results of the path analysis for the influence of each variable on self-disciplinary intention

	估计值标准误差 SE	临界比 C.R.	P	标准化因素负荷 Estimate
行为态度→自律意向(AB→SI)	0.033	1.288	0.198	0.065
主观规范→自律意向(SN→SI)	0.053	1.651	0.099	0.112
知觉行为控制→自律意向(PBC→SI)	0.081	2.985	0.003	0.251
理性交往→自律意向(CR→ SI)	0.073	8.897	***	0.589
P < 0.05；* P < 0.01；*** P < 0.001.

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表 6 模型汇总

Table 6. Model summary

项目 Item	决定系数 R	决定系数平方 R²	决定系数平方改变量 R2-chng	F	P
主观规范→自律意图 SN→SI	0.737 4	0.543 8	0.073 6	295.300 3	0.000
知觉行为控制→自律意向 PBC→SI	0.765 3	0.585 6	0.040 8	401.215 7	0.000

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表 7 亚博滚球调节效应检验

项目 Item	斜率 Coffee	标准化误差 S.E.	T检验 t	P	检验区间
项目 Item	斜率 Coffee	标准化误差 S.E.	T检验 t	P	LLCI	ULCI
主观规范 × 外部情景 SN × ES	−0.172 6	0.024 9	−6.931 0	0.000 0	−0.221 5	−0.123 6
知觉行为控制 × 外部情景 PBC × ES	−0.133 5	0.031 5	−4.242 1	0.000 0	−0.195 4	−0.071 6

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通讯作者: 陈斌,

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shenyanghuagongdaxuecailiaokexueyugongchengxueyuan shenyang 110142

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亚博滚球

高尔夫球员球场上交往理性与自律意向: 基于计划行为理论拓展模型分析

通讯作者: 吴克祥,

English

Golfer’s communicative rationality and self-discipline intention on the golf course: Analysis based on an expanded model of the theory of planned behavior

Corresponding author: Kexiang WU,

亚博滚球

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