引用本文: 马晓文，周文静，刘鑫，寇宇斐，张智安，李发弟，李飞. 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊生长育肥性能和养分消化及肉品质的影响. 欢乐牛牛, 2020, 37(0): 1-11 doi: shu

Citation: MA X W, ZHOU W J, LIU X, KOU Y F, ZHANG Z A, LI F D, LI F. Effects of barley particle size in diets on growth performance, nutrient digestion, and meat quality of fattening sheep. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(0): 1-11 doi: shu

大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊生长育肥性能和养分消化及肉品质的影响

马晓文 ^1, ,
周文静 ^1, ,
刘鑫 ^1, ,
寇宇斐 ^1, ,
张智安 ^1, ,
李发弟 ^1,2, ,
李飞 ^{1,
,}

1.
亚博滚球 caodinongyeshengtaixitongguojiazhongdianshiyanshi，lanzhoudaxuenongyenongcunbucaomuyechuangxinzhongdianshiyanshi，lanzhoudaxuecaodinongyekejixueyuan，gansu lanzhou 730030
2.
亚博滚球 gansushengrouyangfanyushengwujishugongchengshiyanshi，gansu minqin 733300

作者简介: 马晓文(1996-)，女，甘肃武威人，在读硕士生，主要从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail: .cn;

通讯作者: 李飞, .cn

基金项目: 农牧交错带牛羊牧繁农育关键技术集成示范项目(16190050)；甘肃现代农业(草食畜)产业技术体系(GARS-09)；长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助(IRT_17R50)

摘要: 为研究饲粮中大麦(Hordeum vulgare Linn)粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响，本研究选取54只(初始体重约为29.85 ± 0.23 kg)3月龄湖羊公羔，随机分为3个处理，每个处理18个重复，每个重复1只羊。3个处理分别为整粒大麦经过2、3和4 mm的筛片孔径粉碎，即小粉碎粒度(small particle size, SPS)组、中粉碎粒度(middle particle size, MPS)组和大粉碎粒度(large particle size, LPS)组。整个试验期包括: 适应期14 d，预饲期7 d，正试期63 d。结果表明: 1)各处理末重、干物质采食量(dry matter intake, DMI)、平均日增重(average daily growth, ADG)和料重比(feed to gain ratio, F/G)无显著差异(P > 0.05)。2)大麦粉碎粒度对干物质(dry matter, DM)、有机物(organic matter, OM)和粗蛋白(crude protein, CP)消化率无显著影响(P > 0.05)，但中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber, NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber, ADF)表观消化率受大麦粉碎粒度的显著影响(P < 0.05)。LPS组NDF消化率较SPS和MPS组显著提高了14.3%和7.8% (P < 0.05)。LPS组ADF表观消化率较SPS组显著提高了22.1% (P < 0.05)，LPS和MPS组之间无显著差异(P > 0.05)。3)各处理总挥发性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acid, TVFA)、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸含量均无显著差异(P > 0.05)，乙丙比和瘤胃液pH也无显著差异(P > 0.05)。4)各处理宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率及瘤胃腹囊和背囊的亮度、红度和黄度均无显著差异(P > 0.05)。5)各处理0和24 h pH、滴水损失、失水率和肌肉亮度、红度、黄度均无显著差异(P > 0.05)，但LPS组剪切力显著高于SPS和MPS组(P < 0.05)。在本研究饲粮配方下，大麦粉碎粒度未对育肥湖羊的生长性能、屠宰性能和瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸产生影响，但大麦4 mm粉碎处理对育肥湖羊的表观消化率影响效果最佳，有提高纤维消化的作用。

关键词:

English

Effects of barley particle size in diets on growth performance, nutrient digestion, and meat quality of fattening Hu sheep

Xiaowen MA ^1, ,
Wenjing ZHOU ^1, ,
Xin LIU ^1, ,
Yufei KOU ^1, ,
Zhian ZHANG ^1, ,
Fadi LI ^1,2, ,
Fei LI ^{1,
,}

1.
亚博滚球 state key laboratory of grassland agro-ecosystem, key laboratory of grassland livestock industry innovation, ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, college of pastoral agriculture science and technology, lanzhou university, lanzhou 730020, china
2.
engineering laboratory of mutton sheep breeding and reproduction biotechnology in gansu province, minqin 733300, china

Corresponding author: Fei LI, .cn

Received Date: 2019-03-18
Available Online: 2019-11-01

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of barley particle size in diets on growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fluid volatile fatty acids, slaughter performance, and meat quality of fattening Hu sheep. Fifty-four healthy, male (approximately 29.85 ± 0.23 kg) Hu lambs were randomly divided into three treatment groups, each treatment was replicated eighteen times with the sheep being the experimental unit. The three treatments consisted of whole barley that had been ground and passed through a 2 mm sieve [small particle size group (SPS group)], 3 mm sieve [middle particle size group (MPS group)], and a 4 mm sieve [large particle size group (LPS group)]. The trial period included a fourteen-day adaptation period, a seven-day pre-feeding period, and a sixty-three-day formal period. The results showed that: 1) There was no significant difference in the final weight, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily weight gain (ADG), and feed to gain ratio (F/G) among the treatments (P > 0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) digestibilities among the treatments (P > 0.05), but the apparent digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were significantly different (P < 0.05). The apparent digestibility of NDF in the LPS group was 14.3 and 7.8% higher than in the SPS and MPS groups, respectively (P < 0.05). The apparent digestibility of ADF in the LPS group was 22.1% higher than that of the SPS group and comparable to that of the MPS group. 3) The total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid were not significantly affected by the treatments (P > 0.05). Similarly, the acetic to propionic acid ratio and rumen fluid pH were not significantly affected by the treatments (P > 0.05). 4) There were no significant differences in live weight before slaughter, carcass weight, dressing percentage and brightness, redness, and yellowness of the rumen ventral sac and dorsal sac among treatments (P > 0.05). 5) There were no significant differences in pH, drip loss, water loss rate, muscle brightness, redness, and yellowness at 0 and 24 h post-slaughter among the treatments (P > 0.05); however, the shearing force in the LPS group was significantly higher than that in the SPS and MPS groups (P < 0.05). In summary, barley particle size in diets does not affect the growth performance, slaughter performance, and volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid of fattening Hu sheep; however, the apparent digestibility of the LPS group was significantly affected, which might indicate improvement in fiber digestibility.

Key words:

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亚博滚球

表 1 亚博滚球试验饲粮组成及营养水平

Table 1. Composition and nutritive value of experimental diets

项目 Item	2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size
原料 Ingredients (air-dry basis)
大麦秸秆 Barley straw/%	15	15	15
大麦 Barley/%	48	48	48
玉米皮 Corn bran/%	15	15	15
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal/%	6	6	6
豆粕 Soybean meal/%	8	8	8
碳酸氢钙 Calcium bicarbonate/%	0.6	0.6	0.6
石粉 Limestone/%	1.2	1.2	1.2
食盐 NaCl/%	0.7	0.7	0.7
膨化尿素 Extruded urea/%	0.5	0.5	0.5
糖蜜 Molasses/%	4	4	4
预混料 Premix¹/%	1	1	1
合计 Total	100.0	100.00	100.00
营养水平 Nutrient levels (DM basis)²
代谢能 Metabolizable energy, ME/(MJ·kg⁻¹)	8.42	8.42	8.42
干物质 Dry matter, DM	91.85	91.81	91.92
有机物质 Organic matter, OM	85.41	85.51	85.50
粗蛋白质 Crude protein, CP	14.58	14.44	14.30
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber, NDF	34.07	35.07	34.95
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber, ADF	10.87	11.80	12.35
¹预混料为每千克饲粮提供 The premix provided the following per kg of diets: 铁 Fe 25 mg，锰Mn 40 mg，锌 Zn 40 mg，铜 Cu 8 mg，碘 I 0.3 mg，硒Se 0.2 mg，钴 Co 0.1 mg，维生素A VA 940 IU，维生素D VD 111 IU，维生素E VE 20 IU。　²代谢能为计算值，其余为实测值。ME was a calculated value, while the others were measured values.

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表 2 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊生长性能的影响(n = 18)

Table 2. 亚博滚球 Effects of barley particle size in diets on growth performance of fattening Hu sheep

项目 Item	2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size	标准误 SEM	P
始重 Initial body weight/kg	29.95	29.51	30.08	0.233	0.604
末重 Final body weight/kg	46.83	45.11	46.25	0.476	0.382
干物质采食量 DMI/(kg·d⁻¹)	1.65	1.58	1.63	0.021	0.380
平均日增重 ADG/(g·d⁻¹)	267.90	247.71	256.68	5.958	0.356
料重比 F/G	6.24	6.43	6.51	0.100	0.531
同行不同字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)，有相同或没有字母表示无显著差异(P > 0.05)；下表同。　Different lowercase letters within the same row indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level, but the same or no letters indicate no significant differences at the 0.05 level. this is applicable for the following tables as well.

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表 3 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊养分表观消化率的影响(n = 6)

Table 3. Effects of barley particle size in diets on nutrient apparent digestibility of fattening Hu sheep/%

项目 Item	2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size	标准误 SEM	P
干物质消化率 Digestibility of DM	65.52	64.87	65.73	0.524	0.805
有机物质消化率 Digestibility of OM	67.81	67.39	68.19	0.469	0.805
粗蛋白质消化率 Digestibility of CP	78.30	77.31	77.24	0.500	0.652
中性洗涤纤维消化率 Digestibility of NDF	49.83b	53.58b	58.13a	1.087	0.002
酸性洗涤纤维消化率 Digestibility of ADF	23.27b	28.80ab	29.88a	1.221	0.050

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表 4 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊瘤胃中挥发性脂肪酸的影响(n = 10)

Table 4. Effect of barley particle size in diets on volatile fatty acids in the rumen of fattening Hu sheep

项目 Item	2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size	标准误 SEM	P
总挥发性脂肪酸 Total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)/(mmol·L⁻¹)	101.75	109.61	112.7	3.488	0.447
乙酸 Acetate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	49.72	49.58	54.47	1.334	0.235
丙酸 Propionate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	34.75	39.78	38.73	2.648	0.738
异丁酸 Isobutyrate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	0.77	0.34	0.44	0.098	0.171
丁酸 Butyrate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	12.15	15.85	14.64	1.211	0.472
异戊酸 Isovalerate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	1.30	0.44	1.28	0.224	0.198
戊酸 Valerate/(mmol·L⁻¹)	3.06	3.63	3.10	0.279	0.659
乙酸/丙酸 Acetate/propionate	1.65	1.40	1.61	0.110	0.624
瘤胃液 Rumen fluid pH	5.31	5.24	5.26	0.041	0.843

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表 5 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊屠宰性能、瘤胃重和瘤胃色度的影响(n = 10)

Table 5. 亚博滚球 Effects of barley particle size in diets on slaughter characteristics, rumen weight, and rumen chromaticity of fattening Hu sheep

项目 Item	2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size	标准误 SEM	P
宰前活重* Live weight before slaughter/kg	45.96	45.20	45.98	0.268	0.403
胴体重 Carcass weight/kg	26.35	25.93	26.37	0.201	0.615
屠宰率 Dressing percentage/%	52.13	52.03	52.58	0.276	0.707
瘤胃重 Rumen weight/kg	1.35	1.32	1.30	0.020	0.641
瘤胃亮度 L Rumen lightness
腹囊 Ventral sac	38.64	39.29	39.22	1.091	0.967
背囊 Dorsal sac	33.41	33.76	32.95	0.580	0.858
瘤胃红度 A Rumen redness
腹囊 Ventral sac	3.86	3.74	4.53	0.234	0.350
背囊 Dorsal sac	3.35	3.39	3.29	0.123	0.944
瘤胃黄度 B Rumen yellowness
腹囊 Ventral sac	3.96	3.72	4.88	0.504	0.625
背囊 Dorsal sac	2.63	2.71	3.17	0.327	0.781
*宰前活重为饱饲后的称重。　Live weight before slaughter was the weight after full feeding.

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表 6 大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊肉品质的影响(n = 10)

Table 6. 亚博滚球 Effect of barley particle size in diets on meat quality in fattening Hu sheep

项目 Items		2 mm粉碎组 Small particle size	3 mm粉碎组 Middle particle size	4 mm粉碎组 Large particle size	标准误 SEM	P
pH	0 h	6.44	6.53	6.44	0.020	0.095
pH	24 h	5.11	5.10	5.15	0.017	0.412
滴水损失 Drip loss/%		1.13	1.21	1.22	0.082	0.892
剪切力 Shearing force/N		63.12^b	60.96^b	77.50^a	2.589	0.012
失水率 Water loss rate/%		30.30	30.00	29.06	1.078	0.893
肌肉亮度 L* Meat lightness	0 h	36.91	37.34	37.46	0.339	0.790
肌肉亮度 L* Meat lightness	24 h	39.50	38.61	39.08	0.402	0.682
肌肉红度 A* Meat redness	0 h	17.86	18.41	18.89	0.198	0.102
肌肉红度 A* Meat redness	24 h	19.62	19.32	19.32	0.254	0.861
肌肉黄度 B* Meat yellowness	0 h	1.59	1.84	2.12	0.122	0.211
肌肉黄度 B* Meat yellowness	24 h	6.80	6.45	7.15	0.393	0.776

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亚博滚球shenyanghuagongdaxuecailiaokexueyugongchengxueyuan shenyang 110142

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亚博滚球

大麦粉碎粒度对育肥湖羊生长育肥性能和养分消化及肉品质的影响

作者简介: 马晓文(1996-)，女，甘肃武威人，在读硕士生，主要从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail: .cn;

通讯作者: 李飞, .cn

English

Effects of barley particle size in diets on growth performance, nutrient digestion, and meat quality of fattening Hu sheep

Corresponding author: Fei LI, .cn

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