引用本文: 井赵斌，李腾飞，龙明秀，马文娟. 生草对猕猴桃果园土壤酶活性和土壤微生物的影响. 欢乐牛牛, 2020, 37(9): 1710-1718 doi: shu

Citation: JING Z B, Li T F, LONG M X, MA W J. Effects of planted grasses on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities in a kiwifruit orchard. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(9): 1710-1718 doi: shu

生草对猕猴桃果园土壤酶活性和土壤微生物的影响

1.
亚博滚球 weinanzhiyejishuxueyuannonglinkejixueyuan，shanxi weinan 714026
2.
weinanshiguoyeyanjiuyuan，shanxi weinan 714026
3.
亚博滚球 xibeinonglinkejidaxuecaoyeyucaoyuanxueyuan，shanxi yangling 712100

作者简介: 井赵斌(1980-)，男，陕西蒲城人，副教授，博士，主要从事果树育种与栽培研究。E-mail: .cn;

通讯作者: 龙明秀, .cn

基金项目: 国家重点研发项目北方林–草–羊生态种养循环模式研究与示范(2017YFD0502105)；陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目“猕猴桃新品种选育及关键栽培技术研究”(2020NY-074)；渭南市科技重点研发计划项目“猕猴桃新品种选育与优质安全高效栽培技术研究(ZDYF-NYCX-7)”

摘要: 为了探究适合秦岭北麓猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)果园种植的牧草品种，以清耕为对照，分别在行间种植鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)、三叶草(Trifolium repens)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和林间组合 (即鸭茅、黑麦草和三叶草混合) ，研究种植不同牧草品种对猕猴桃果园土壤酶活性和土壤微生物的影响。结果表明: 各生草处理中除蔗糖酶外，过氧化氢酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性随着土层深度增加而极显著减少(P < 0.01)。与清耕比较，生草处理可以提高猕猴桃果园0 – 20 cm和20 – 40 cm土层中过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性，其作用因牧草品种不同表现出极显著增加(P < 0.01)或差异不显著(P > 0.05)。土壤微生物组成以细菌为优势菌群，占土壤微生物总量的99.74%～99.94%。0 – 20 cm和20 – 40 cm土层中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量的变化在不同牧草中表现不同。其中，0 – 20 cm土层中除三叶草外，其他各生草处理微生物总数量均显著高于清耕(P < 0.05)，各生草处理中土壤微生物总数量均随土层深度增加而减少，而清耕则增加。本研究结果表明，种植牧草对猕猴桃果园土壤酶活性和微生物数量有改善作用，生产中优先推荐采用地上生物量更高的黑麦草、鸭茅和三叶草的混播方式，本研究可为“北方林–草–羊生态种养循环模式”的推广提供一定的理论依据。

关键词:

English

Effects of planted grasses on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities in a kiwifruit orchard

1.
亚博滚球 weinan vocational & technical college, weinan 714026, shaanxi, china
2.
亚博滚球 weinan fruit industry institute, weinan 7140263, shaanxi, china
3.
亚博滚球 college of horticulture, northwest a & f university, yangling 712100, shaanxi, china

Corresponding author: Mingxiu LONG, .cn

Received Date: 2019-02-08
Available Online: 2019-09-15

Abstract: In order to explore and select suitable grass varieties for kiwifruit orchards in the Northern Qinling Mountains, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens, and a grass combination were planted inter-row in a kiwifruit orchard, while clean tillage was applied as a control. The effects of different grasses on the soil enzyme activities and soil microbial communities were investigated. Results showed that, unlike sucrase activity, catalase, urease, and phosphatase activities significantly decreased with increasing soil depth (P < 0.01). Compared with clean tillage, planting grasses could improve catalase, urease, sucrase, and phosphatase activities in the 0 – 20 cm and 20 – 40 cm depths of the kiwifruit orchard soil. However, the effect was either significant or non-significant depending on the grass variety. Bacteria were the dominant flora, accounting for 99.74%～99.94% of the total soil microorganisms. The amount of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes was influenced by the various grass varieties in the 0 – 20 cm and 20 – 40 cm soil depths. In particular, with the exception of T. repens, the total amount of microbes was higher in the 0 – 20 cm fraction of planted soils than in that of clean-till soils. However, with increasing soil depth the total number of microbial species decreased in soil planted with grasses, while increasing in clean-till soils. In conclusion, this study showed that planting grasses could improve the soil enzyme activities and amount of soil microbes in kiwifruit orchards. In particular, we especially recommend the woodland combination of D. glomerata, L. perenne, and T. repens due to their higher aboveground biomass. This study could provide the theoretical basis for the promotion of a ‘forest-grass-sheep ecological cultivation and rearing cyclic model in northern China’.

Key words:

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亚博滚球

图 1 种植不同牧草对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响

Figure 1. 亚博滚球 Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil catalase activity

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 种植不同牧草对土壤脲酶活性的影响

Figure 2. 亚博滚球 Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil urease activity

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图 3 种植不同牧草对土壤蔗糖酶活性的影响

Figure 3. Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil sucrase activity

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图 4 种植不同牧草对土壤磷酸酶活性的影响

Figure 4. 亚博滚球 Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil phosphatase activity

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图 5 种植不同牧草对土壤微生物总数量的影响

Figure 5. Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil microorganisms

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图 6 亚博滚球种植不同牧草对土壤细菌数量的影响

Figure 6. Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil bacteria

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图 7 种植不同牧草对土壤真菌数量的影响

Figure 7. 亚博滚球 Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil fungi

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图 8 种植不同牧草对土壤放线菌数量的影响

Figure 8. 亚博滚球 Effects of different planted grasses on the amount of soil actinomycetes

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表 1 亚博滚球不同牧草年均地上生物量

Table 1. The aboveground biomass of different planted grasses

kg·m^–2
刈割次数 Mowing frequency	三叶草 Trifolium repens	黑麦草 Lolium perenne	鸭茅 Dactylis glomerata	林间组合 Grass combination
第1次 The first time	2.18 ± 0.03	3.56 ± 0.08	3.82 ± 0.10	3.27 ± 0.14
第2次 The second time	3.25 ± 0.15	3.29 ± 0.19	3.44 ± 0.14	4.28 ± 0.12
第3次 The third time	2.20 ± 0.17	2.53 ± 0.03	1.90 ± 0.05	2.85 ± 0.06
合计 Total	7.53 ± 0.13c	9. 38 ± 0.10b	9.16 ± 0.11b	10.40 ± 0.12a
同行不同小写字母表示不同牧草生物量差异显著(P < 0.05)。　Different lowercase letters within the same row indicate significant differences among different grasses at the 0.05 level.

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通讯作者: 陈斌,

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shenyanghuagongdaxuecailiaokexueyugongchengxueyuan shenyang 110142

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亚博滚球

生草对猕猴桃果园土壤酶活性和土壤微生物的影响

作者简介: 井赵斌(1980-)，男，陕西蒲城人，副教授，博士，主要从事果树育种与栽培研究。E-mail: .cn;

通讯作者: 龙明秀, .cn

English

Effects of planted grasses on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities in a kiwifruit orchard

Corresponding author: Mingxiu LONG, .cn

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